Diplex type-writing telegraph.



T. V. GIARA.

lDIPLEXTYPE WRITING Tl-LEGRAPH.-

APPLICATION man MAR. 9. '1911.-- RENVEWED rss. 26.1916.

1,200,186. l vPaented 001.1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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/Q A TTRNEY.

T. V. GIARA.

DIPLEX TYPE WRITING TELEGRPH.

APPLxcATloN HLED MAR.9.1911. RENEWED 158.213.1916.

Plfened. Oct. 3, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 42.

UML

Ell.

BY y f A ITORNEY.

'keyboard on the typewriter; and.

DIPLEX TYPE-WRITIG TELEGRAPH.

" PATE speiiication of Letters Patent.

ormoni. 4

Patented Oct. 3, 1916.

Application filed March 9, 1911, Seriallio. 613,462. Renewed February 26,1916. Serial No. 80,760.`

To all whom it may concern.'

Be' it known that' I, TULLIO VENIER GIARA, a subject lofthe King or' Italy, and a resident of the city of New York, in the county .5. and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvenientsrin Diplei TypeWriting Telegraphs, of. which the fol- `lowing isa full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

This invention relates to .the'traiismission of intelligence to a number of points, and has for its object to provide'certain mechanical details in the construction of type- -35 writers and other machines operated in a.

similar manner, and electrical connections whereby the writing on' one machine is repeated on the other or others, and vice versa.

A further object `of this invention is to provide electromagnetic means and connec tions of a simple character adapted to be applied to any typewriter for the purpose of receiving and sending electrical impulses for operating or by operating the keys of said typewriter; and a still further object is to provide an improved construction 'of type levers whereby a machine ,in the circuit can both receive and send messages, without materially changing its construction, and without impairing its usefulness as a common typewriter.

With these and other objects in view, asA will more fully. appear as the descriptionproceeds, my invention' consists in certain v constructions and arrangements of parts as will be disclosed and claimed in the appended claims. A. I

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 shows I a way of arranging the circuit between'two 40 corresponding keys of two typewriters, each machine having a source of current supply; Fig. 2 shows a way of connecting several machines with a central battery, so that each machine can transmit to or receive messages r from all the-others; Fig. 3 illustrates how the connection between two machines can' be obtained by means of a switchboard and an operator in attendance; Fig. 4 shows a method of connecting two machines, whereby upon the sending of a message from one machine, the other is automatically set in the receiving position; Fig. 5 illustrates a way of sending messages by means of an auxiliary keyboard, without alterin the i ig. 6 shows a way of modifying the circuit with wires being formed into cables for convenience in putting up the line.

Referringto Fig. l, l, 2, 1', 2', are the keys of the connecting typewriters, modified -so that the key 1, l', is independent from the lever 2, 2'. .The pressing of the keyl, 1', will cause the lowering of lever 2,2', but

said lever 2, 2", may be attracted\ by an electro-magnet to print the letter, without disturbing the key 1, l'. Under the lever 2, 2"

of each key, is provided an electro-magnet 3, 3', thearmature of which 4, 4', is attached to the lever 2, 2'; the coil of said "lectromagnet is attached at one end to the iine L at 5', 5, and at the other end to the ground `or return -wire R at 6, 6'. Underthe key l, 1', is a contact 7, 7'which normally kept open by means ora spring 8, 8', or by any other suitable means, but. 4which canr be closed by pressing the key 1, 1. Saidcontact 7, 7', is connected on one side withthe line L at 5, 5', and on the other with a source of electricity 9, 9', through the circuit 10,10.

11,. 11, 12, 12', are switches provided for the purpose of detaching the machines from the circuit, but are normally closed. Pressing key 1, contact 7 is closed; the two closed circuits 7-5-3-6-9-10-7 and 745- ir-5 s. c'-R -e 9 io7 art formed, and the electro-magnets, 3', being energized, will attract the levers 2, 2', and cause the printing of the corresponding letters. Pressing key 1', similar circuits will be produced, with similar results. The source of electricityi), and the groundor return wire 'closed in the circuit, all the armatures would be attracted by the .corresponding electroniagnets, against the action 'of springs 8, 8'. lr these be weaker than the pulling action of the electro-magnets, the levers would not return t0 their original positions; while 1f ioo llO

springs 8,18' should be stronger," the action otthe electromagnets would not b 'iiiicient to operate the levers. ln the various-:dispositions shown, springs 8, 8', only need to pull back keys 1, 1', thus breaking the Contact at 7, 7', when the lelectro-1nagnets ywill automatically release armatures 4, 4', on levers Tam aware that typewriters and similar vmacliirie-s.have been electrically connected,

thelevers `being operated by means of electro-magnet controlled loyV a separate key- `board;'but-,Ido not knowpf any device in which the, connections are' so made as to cause the'simultaneous operation of thevari- .ons machines in the circuit; nor do I know of any device of'this character having a writers, but between any other machines of like character, where it isdesired to make one of 'said machines repeat automatically the movements of theaother, and vice versa.

lVIoi-eover, said conciiciions are not limited to only two machines but can be extended to any number of machines in the circuit in such a way that the writing on one of them is repeatedby all the others. position is illustrated in Figi 2, in which a number of-machines is Worked from a central battery 13. Y

The machines are modified as described above, the keys being composed of a key 14.,

14', 14", 14', independentfrom the lever- ]5, 15', 15", 15"', and an electro-magnet 16, 16', 16", 16"", being provided underneath said levers in a positiorravhere it will be able to attract the' same. The coil of each electro-magnet is connected at one end t'o the line, at 17, 17', 17", 17"', and at the other end to the return wire or ground, R', at 18, e', is", is". The line 19, 19'; i9, 19 from the central battery 13, feeds the electric current to each machine, through the normally open co'ritacts 20, 20', 20", 20"', underneath the keys 14, said contacts being kept open by means of a spring or other suitable means 21, 21', 21", 21"'. Y

22, 92', Q2", 22"', are switches on the sending circuit of each machine, and 9.3, QB', 23",`E28"", are switches' on the receiving` circuit, said switches being normally closed.

In this position, cachot' the machines in the circuit can send and receive messages from all the others; when it is desired to communicate only between two of the machines, the switches '23 of the others are opened, putting thc machines out of receiving. When it is desired to use one machine independently kprovided with v11,200,1ee

from all the others, the opening of the/corresponding switches 22 and 523, will detach said machine entirely from the circuit. It is obvious that the position of the switches in the circuit can be changed, andthat means can be provided in each machine to vary the resistance o'l the different circuits.

, The. connection between the machines can be obtained by means of ay switchboard, as shown in Fig. 3: the wire of each machine, coming to a special-jack on the board, and a local connection ending in two plugs l), P', connecting the n'lachin'es wanted. The local connection can have in shunt a machine O, with which the operator at the board can receive the call and make the desired connections.

Fie. 4 illustrates a circuit in which each key of the typewriter has a switch c0mmanded by electro-magnets R and T. This switch lcan. connect the line- L, either with electromagnet E-at D 'or with thev key' K at F, so as to put the machine in the receivy ing or in the transmitting position.,

,Electro-magnets ,Band` T are connected to electro-magnets T',v R', ,on the c0rrespending machine in such a way that when' keyv M Ais pressed. R andT' are energized; Re ttracts' switch S, and T" attracts switch S', so that one ot the machines is put on the sending position, while the other goes on the transmitting position. The reverse happens in pressing either of the 'keys N, N'. Switches S, S. are multiple, and can make at thecsame time all the contacts corresponding ltothe entire keyboard of I the machine. Sometimes is it preferable to have a separate keyboard at a. distance from the typewriter: this avoids the necessity of dividing the typewriter levers in two parts, and moreover. does not require the Opening of a. switch when itis necessary to use the typewriter without sending messages. Such a disposition is clearly illustratedv in Fig. 5, where an auxiliary keyboard 24s, 24', is connected to cach machine.

Fig. shows a disposition used when the resistance of the line is considerable, and it is necessary .to balance it by introducing an artificial line in the circuit. This is modified in such a way that the return `wire 25 is normally connected to the receiving electro-magnet 26, 26', by way of contact 27, 27'. normally closed; but on pressing one ot' the keys 28, 28', the corresponding contact 2T. Q7', is opened, and the circuit oi thc electro-magnet is closedby way of the corres]wending resistance 29 'or 29'.

From 'the foregoing it willbe seen that in my improved arrangement the `electron magnets ot corresponding keys of the various machines in the lineare permanently connected in parallel with the line, and are independent switches for their comiection or disconnection, when desired; so that each impulse 'sent in the`.line by closing one of the contacts, is sent through all the magnet coils connected, the various machines'in the circuit being thus smultane'ously operated together with the sending machine. It willI also be seen that I provide an improved construction of typelevers, whereby'a single vkeyboard can be ,used to operate a machine mechanically or lOelectrically, at the same time operating the bther machines in electrical connection therewith. l i 'lhe invention covered b y the foregoing description, andby the appended claims,

415 may be varied' inits various details -Without substantially departing from its funda mental idea; and I reserve myself the right ofv bringing to the same all those changes and modifications which enter fairly into 2.0 the scope of the following claims. Having thus described my invention, what I 'claim as new, and desire to secure by Let- -ters Patent of the United States, is: j 1. In' a device of the character described, 2f? the combination of a machine'comprising a plurality of operating levers, a plurality of Velectromagnets arranged to control saidlevers individually, an electric source of sup- .'ply connected to saidclectromagnets, keys- Iadapted to mechanically control said levers and adapted to remain stationary when said levers are independently operated,v and switches controlling said electromagnets and operated by said keys; for the purposes l ,35 asset forth. A 2.. In a device Iof the character described ,1 the combination of a machine comprising a 'plurality of operating levers, a-plurality of (electromagnets arrangedtocontrol said le- 4 vers individually, an electric source of supply, keys also adapted to mechanically control said levers, andl connections between said electric source of supply and said electromagnets whereby upon said' keys being mechanically operated said .electromagnets will be energized and willactuate the corre -sponding levers, and upon said electromagnetsbeing independently energized the corresponding levers will be actuated independ- .50 ently of the corresponding keys; for the 4purposes as set forth. A

3. In a device of the character described, the combination of a machine comprising a yplurality of operating levers, a plurality of electromagnets arranged to control said levers individually, each. electromagnet hav- `ing its armature connected to the lever controlled thereby, an electric source of supply connected to said electromagnets, keys de tached from said levers and adapted to Inei Y chanically control the same, and switches operated by said keys and controlling, said electromagnets; substantially'as set forth.

4. In a deviceof the character described,

,65 the combination of a machine comprising a vplurality of operating levers, an electric` said switches to their original position.

In a device of the character described., the combination'otI a writing machine hav. ing a plurality of operating levers, electro- 30 magnets controlling said levers in circuit with an electric source of supply, normally open switches in the-electromagnet circuits, keys adapted to operate said levers either n'lechanically or by closing said switches to 85 actuate the electromagnets, and means other than said switches for effecting operation of said levers by said electromagnets, said keys being arranged to remain idle during such latter operation. i

6. In Aa typewriting telegraph, and in combination with anumber of machines each comprising a plurality of operating levers, electromagnets controlling said le- I vers, and an electric source of supply,a pluli-'f 95 rality of line circuits each connecting in parallel all the electromagnets controlling corresponding levers on the various machines both when sending and when'receiving; for thepurposes as set forth. l

7. In a typewriting telegraph, and in combination with a number of machines each comprising a plurality of operating levers, an electric source ot supply, electromagnets individually controlling said le- 105.

vers, line circuits connectingin parallel electromagnets operating corresponding le vers on the various machines. both when sending and when receiving, land key-boards having keys correspmding to each circuit 1.10 adapted to close the same, thereby causing theenergization of all-the electr-@magnets connected thereto, and the sil-nultaneous operation of the corresponding levers.

` 8. In a typewriting telegraph', and in 115 combination with a number of machines each comprising a plurality of' operating le vers, andy with an electric source of supply, electromagnets individually controlling said levers, line circuits connecting in parallel all the electromagnets operating corresponding levers on the'various machines both when sending and when receiving,'normally open connections between said circuits and said. electric source of supply, and keyboards controlling said connections; substantially as set forth. :v

9. lThe combination of a number of -machincs each comprising a plurality of operating levers, an electric source of supply,

electromagnets individually controlling said levers, lline circuits connecting in parallel all the electromagnets controlling corresponding levers on the various machines both when sending and when receiving, connections between said circuits andr said electric source of supply, normally. open switches inserted in said connections, keyboards having keys for' closing said switches, and means for automatically returning said switches to their original position.

l0. The combination of a vnumber of marchines each comprising a plurality of operating levers, an electric source of supply, electromagnets individually controlling said levers, line circuits common to electromagnets corresponding to levers of the same denomination on the various machines,

secondary circuits connecting in parallel said electromagnets to said line ycircuits both when sending and when receiving, means for disconnecting each secondary circuit from its line circuit, connections between 'said line circuits and said electric source of supply, normally open' switchesinserted in said connections, key-boards having keys for v closing said switches, and means for automatically returning said switches to their Aoriginal position.

11. The combination of a number .of machines each comprising a plurality of opferatin'g levers,.an electric source of supply, electromagnets individually controlling said levers, line circuits connecting in parallel same and to remain stationary When said levers are independently operated by saigl electron'iagnets, said keys closing said switches upon being depressed by the 0perator, and means for automatically returning said switches to their original position.

1Q. The combination of a number of ma-A chines each comprising a plurality of operating levers, an electric ,source of supply, electromagnets individually controlling said levers, line circuits connecting in parallel electromagnets controlling corresponding levers on the various machines, connections between' said. circuits and said electric source of' supply, normally open switches inserted in said connections, a key-board on each'machine having a key for each operating lever detached from the saine, adapted to operate said levers mechanically and to close the corresponding switches, and means 'for returning `said switches to their original position.

TULLIO VQ GIARA.

. Witnesses:

HARsiLio VoLri, 'GUIDO SAoEnno'in. 

